Glossary
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<body><h1>Health Science Vocabulary</h1><p>This glossary contains the words people can use to describe a heart attack.</p><dl><dt>acute coronary syndrome</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>An umbrella term for conditions caused by a sudden, severe reduction or blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, typically due to plaque rupture in a coronary artery.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient was admitted to the emergency room with a suspected acute coronary syndrome.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Syndrome coronarien aigu</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Acute Coronary Syndrome"><img alt="Acute Coronary Syndrome" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Coronary_angiography_of_a_STEMI_patient%2C_showing_partial_occlusion_of_left_circumflex_coronary_artery.jpg"></span></dd><dt>angina</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>Chest pain, pressure, or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood, typically caused by underlying coronary artery disease.</dd><dd>Example: <i>I have a severe sore throat and tonsillitis.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Angine</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Angina"><img alt="Angina" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Hospitalisierungen_aufgrund_von_Angina_pectoris_in_Deutschland_im_Jahr_2021.png"></span></dd><dt>angioplasty</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A minimally invasive, non-surgical procedure used to open narrowed or blocked blood vessels—most commonly coronary arteries—that restrict blood flow to the heart.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient underwent an emergency angioplasty.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Angioplastie</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Angioplasty"><img alt="Angioplasty" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Angioplasty-scheme.svg"></span></dd><dt>atherosclerosis</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A disease of the arteries characterized by the deposition of plaques of fatty material on their inner walls.</dd><dd>Example: <i>Atherosclerosis is a disease characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Athérosclérose</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Atherosclerosis"><img alt="Atherosclerosis" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Histopathology_of_coronary_artery_atherosclerosis%2C_original.jpg"></span></dd><dt>cardiac arrest</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A medical emergency where the heart unexpectedly stops beating, cutting off blood flow to the brain and organs.</dd><dd>Example: <i>He went into cardiac arrest</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Arrêt cardiaque</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Cardiac Arrest"><img alt="Cardiac Arrest" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Cardiac_arrest_during_an_abdominal_CT_scan.jpg"></span></dd><dt>cardiogenic shock</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A life-threatening, critical medical condition where the heart suddenly cannot pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s oxygen needs, leading to severe organ hypoperfusion.</dd><dd>Example: <i>Cardiogenic shock is a life-threatening condition where the heart suddenly cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Choc cardiogénique</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Cardiogenic Shock"><img alt="Cardiogenic Shock" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Simplified_scheme_of_cardiogenic_shock.png"></span></dd><dt>coronary artery disease</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A common heart condition caused by plaque buildup (atherosclerosis) in the heart's arteries, which narrows or blocks blood flow and reduces oxygen supply to the heart muscle.</dd><dd>Example: <i>Lifestyle changes are crucial for managing coronary artery disease.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Maladie de l'artère coronaire</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Coronary Artery Disease"><img alt="Coronary Artery Disease" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Histopathology_of_coronary_artery_atherosclerosis%2C_original.jpg"></span></dd><dt>coronary artery spasm</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A temporary, sudden tightening (contraction) of the muscular wall of an artery that supplies blood to the heart, causing a brief, severe reduction in blood flow.</dd><dd>Example: <i>A severe coronary artery spasm can cause chest pain, even in patients without underlying heart disease.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Spasme de l'artère coronaire</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Coronary Artery Spasm"><img alt="Coronary Artery Spasm" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Human_heart_with_coronary_arteries.png"></span></dd><dt>coronary thrombosis</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A blood clot (thrombus) forms inside a coronary artery, blocking blood flow to the heart muscle.</dd><dd>Example: <i>He died of a coronary thrombosis a week before I graduated.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Thrombose coronarienne</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Coronary Thrombosis"><img alt="Coronary Thrombosis" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Portal_vein_thrombosis.jpg"></span></dd><dt>cyanosis</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A bluish or grayish discoloration of the skin, lips, or mucous membranes caused by an increased concentration of deoxygenated (reduced) hemoglobin in the blood.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient is experiencing peripheral cyanosis, characterized by blue-tinged fingers.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Cyanose</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Cyanosis"><img alt="Cyanosis" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Cyanotic_neonate.jpg"></span></dd><dt>defibrillator</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A medical device that delivers a high-energy electric shock to the heart to restore a normal rhythm during life-threatening emergencies like sudden cardiac arrest, ventricular fibrillation, or tachycardia.</dd><dd>Example: <i>Please locate the nearest automated external defibrillator (AED) immediately.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Défibrillateur</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Defibrillator"><img alt="Defibrillator" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c5/Defibrillator_%28Osor%29.jpg"></span></dd><dt>diaphoresis</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>Excessive, abnormal sweating that is not caused by heat or exercise, often signaling an underlying health issue or medication side effect.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient experienced severe diaphoresis and dizziness during the cardiac event.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Diaphorèse</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dt>dyspnea</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>The subjective, uncomfortable sensation of difficult or inadequate breathing, commonly described as shortness of breath, air hunger, or chest tightness.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient is experiencing significant dyspnea on exertion.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Dyspnée</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Dyspnea"><img alt="Dyspnea" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/En-us-dyspnea.oga"></span></dd><dt>electrocardiogram</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A record or display of a person's heartbeat produced by electrocardiography.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The doctor ordered an electrocardiogram (ECG) to check the patient's heart rate.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Électrocardiogramme</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Electrocardiogram"><img alt="Electrocardiogram" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/202305_Electrocardiogram_Female.svg"></span></dd><dt>fibrillation</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>The rapid, irregular, and uncoordinated contraction of heart muscle fibers, causing them to quiver rather than contract properly.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient was diagnosed with atrial fibrillation after complaining of heart palpitations.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Fibrillation</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Fibrillation "><img alt="Fibrillation " src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Ventricular_Fibrillation.svg"></span></dd><dt>ischemia</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The patient was diagnosed with severe myocardial ischemia.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Ischémie</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Ischemia"><img alt="Ischemia" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Examples_of_Signs_and_Symptoms_of_Kidney_Ischemia.png"></span></dd><dt>myocardial infarction</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>The irreversible death (necrosis) of heart muscle tissue due to prolonged lack of oxygen.</dd><dd>Example: <i>He has a big risk of myocardial infarction.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Infarctus du myocarde</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Myocardial infarction"><img alt="Myocardial infarction" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Gross_pathology_of_old_myocardial_infarction.jpg"></span></dd><dt>necrosis</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>The premature, irreversible death of cells and living tissue caused by external factors like infection, injury, or lack of blood flow.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The doctor diagnosed necrosis in the patient's leg.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Nécrose</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Necrosis"><img alt="Necrosis" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Histopathology_of_adrenal_cortical_necrosis.jpg"></span></dd><dt>nitroglycerin</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A substance used as a drug to treat certain heart conditions and to widen the openings in blood vessels.</dd><dd>Example: <i>Take one nitroglycerin tablet under your tongue for chest pain.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Nitroglycérine</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Nitroglycerin "><img alt="Nitroglycerin " src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Nitroglycerin.svg"></span></dd><dt>stent</dt><dd>Noun</dd><dd>A tiny, expandable mesh tube usually made of metal or plastic inserted into a narrowed or weakened passageway in the body (such as arteries, veins, or ducts) to hold it open and improve flow.</dd><dd>Example: <i>The doctor inserted a stent to keep the artery open.</i></dd><dd>en: <i>Stent</i></dd><dd>
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</dd><dd><span class="spimg" title="Stent"><img alt="Stent" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Choledochal_stent%2C_ERCP_of_cholangiocarcinoma.jpg"></span></dd></dl></body>
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